Shift Register

The Shift Register models a combination of a clocked data type register and a Shift Register. The clock edge for the register can be set with the Trigger Condition parameter to be a rising edge (0_TO_1) or a falling edge (1_TO_0). The set and reset inputs can be either asynchronous or synchronous, depending on the Set/Reset Type parameter. The active logic level of the inputs can be configured with the Set/Reset Level and Load/Shift Level parameters.

For the Shift Register with both asynchronous and synchronous set and reset inputs, see Shift Register with both Sync and Async Set/Resetkeyword.

Related topics:

In this topic:

Model Name: Shift Register
Simulator: This device is compatible with the SIMPLIS simulator.
Parts Selector Menu Location: Digital Functions > Registers
Symbol Library: None - the symbol is automatically generated when placed or edited.
Model Library: None - the model is automatically generated when the simulation is run.
Subcircuit Names:
  • SIMPLIS_DIGI1_D_SHIFT_REG_SOAS_N : Without Ground Reference
  • SIMPLIS_DIGI1_D_SHIFT_REG_SOAS_Y : With Ground Reference
Symbol:
4-bit, rising edge triggered, synchronous set/reset, without ground reference.
Multiple Selections: Only one device at a time can be edited.

Editing the Shift Register

To configure the Shift Register, follow these steps:

  1. Double click the symbol on the schematic to open the editing dialog to the Parameters tab.
  2. Make the appropriate changes to the fields described in the table below the image.
Label Parameter Description
Clock to Output Delay Delay from the triggering clock event until the Register outputs change
Number of Bits Number of input bits to the Register
Trigger Condition Determines the triggering condition of the Register clock pin:
  • 0_TO_1 for rising edge triggered
  • 1_TO_0 for falling edge triggered
Ground Ref Determines whether or not a device has a ground reference pin. Any digital component that has an input or output pin connected to an analog circuit node must have its Ground Ref pin connected to an analog node. This is usually the ground on the schematic.
Minimum Clk Width Minimum valid clock width. Clock widths less than this parameter will not trigger the Register.
Setup Time Minimum time before the triggering clock event that the input signals must remain steady so that a valid change in each input state is recognized.
Hold Time Minimum time after the triggering clock event that the input signals must remain steady so that a valid change in each input state is recognized.
Initial Condition Initial condition of the Register output at time=0
Left/Right Level Determines the logic level of the shift register left/right ( L/R ) pin:
  • Left_0/Right_1 means shift left on low and shift right on high.
  • Left_1/Right_0 means shift left on high and shift right on low.
Load/Shift Level Determines the logic level of the shift register load/shift ( LD/SH ) pin:
  • Load_0/Shift_1 means load on low and shift on high.
  • Load_1/Shift_0 means load on high and shift on low.

To define the parameters for the Set/Reset, follow these steps:

  1. From the Edit Shift Register dialog box, click on the Set/Reset tab.
  2. Make the appropriate changes to the fields described in the table below the image.
Label Parameter Description
Set/Reset Delay Delay from when the SET or RST pin goes active until the Q output is actually set or reset.
Set/Reset Level Determines the Set/Reset level of a device:
  • 1 means active high
  • 0 means active low
Set/Reset Type Determines whether or not output events are synchronized with a clock event:
Set/Reset Type Description
SYNC Set/reset events are synchronized to the clock edge defined by the Trigger Condition parameter.
ASYNC Set/reset events are asynchronous to the clock edge.
.
Set To Determines the value of the counter output when the SET pin goes active. To set to the maximum count value, assign a value of -1.
Reset To Determines the value of the counter output when the RST pin goes active. To reset to 0, assign a assign value of -1 or 0.

To define the parameters for the interface between this digital component and each analog component connected directly to an input or output pin, follow these steps:

  1. From the Edit Shift Register dialog box, click on the Interface tab.
  2. Make the appropriate changes to the fields described in the table below the image.
Label Parameter Description
Input Resistance Input resistance of each Register input pin
Hysteresis, Threshold Hysteresis and Threshold of the inputs. The hysteretic-window width, HYSTWD is centered around Threshold (TH) voltage. To determine the actual threshold ( TL , THI ), substitute Threshold (TH) and Hysteresis (HYSTWD) in each of the following formulas:
Input Logic Level Actual Threshold
1 Threshold + 0.5 * Hysteresis
0 Threshold - 0.5 * Hysteresis
Output Resistance Output resistance of each Register output pin
Output High Voltage Output high voltage for each Register output pin
Output Low Voltage Output low voltage for each Register output pin

Truth Tables

The truth tables below show the logic behavior with asynchronous and synchronous set/reset

Asynchronous Set/Reset

The following truth table assumes these parameter values:

  • Set/Reset Type=ASYNC
  • Trigger Condition=0_TO_1 which represents a rising edge clocked shift register
  • Set/Reset level=1
  • Load/Shift Level=Load_1/Shift_0.

When the EN input is high, and the Load/Shift Level=Load_1/Shift_0, the Register will Load the D input when the LD/SH pin is high, and Shift the Q output when the LD/SH pin is low.

Inputs Output Action
LD/SH ASET ARST EN L/R D CLK Q
0 or 1 0 0 0 0 or 1 0 or 1
Last Q Retain state
1 0 0 1 0 or 1 0 or 1
Data input Load data
0 0 0 1 0 0
Q = Last Q shifted left, LSB=0 Shift left
0 0 0 1 1 0
Q = Last Q shifted right, MSB=0 Shift Right
0 0 0 1 0 1
Q = Last Q shifted left, LSB=1 Shift left
0 0 0 1 1 1
Q = Last Q shifted right, MSB=1 Shift Right
0 or 1 1 0 0 or 1 0 or 1 0 or 1 0 or 1 Asynchronous Set To value Asynchronous set
0 or 1 0 1 0 or 1 0 or 1 0 or 1 0 or 1 Asynchronous Reset To value Asynchronous reset
0 or 1 1 1 0 or 1 0 or 1 0 or 1 0 or 1 Last Q Illegal concurrent ASET and ARST

The following truth table assumes these parameter values:

  • Set/Reset Type=SYNC
  • Trigger Condition=0_TO_1, which represents a rising edge clocked shift register
  • Set/Reset level=1
  • Load/Shift Level=Load_1/Shift_0.

When the EN input is high and the Load/Shift Level=Load_1/Shift_0, the register will load the D input when the LD/SH pin is high, and shift the Q output when the LD/SH pin is low.

Inputs Output Action
LD/SH SET RST EN L/R D CLK Q
0 or 1 0 0 0 0 or 1 0 or 1
Last Q Retain state
1 0 0 1 0 or 1 0 or 1
Data input Load data
0 0 0 1 0 0
Q = Last Q shifted left, LSB=0 Shift left
0 0 0 1 1 0
Q = Last Q shifted right, MSB=0 Shift Right
0 0 0 1 0 1
Q = Last Q shifted left, LSB=1 Shift left
0 0 0 1 1 1
Q = Last Q shifted right, MSB=1 Shift Right
0 or 1 1 0 0 or 1 0 or 1 0 or 1
Synchronous Set To value Synchronous set
0 or 1 0 1 0 or 1 0 or 1 0 or 1
Synchronous Reset To value Synchronous reset
0 or 1 1 1 0 or 1 0 or 1 0 or 1
Last Q Illegal concurrent SET and RST

Examples

The test circuit used to generate the waveform examples in the next section can be downloaded here: simplis_051_shiftregistersoas_example.zip.

To simulate this design, follow these steps:

  1. Unzip the archive to a location on your computer.
  2. To open the schematic, double click the .sxsch file or drag that file into the SIMetrix/SIMPLIS Command Shell.

Waveforms

This example of the Shift Register uses two Digital Signal Sources to generate the input pulses to the Shift Register. The input source waveforms are defined in a text file with each state transition defined on a single line. These two sources excite every state transition in the truth table section. The example uses asynchronous set/reset.

For clarity, the simulation waveforms taken from the circuit example have been divided into three sections.

  • Load and Shift operations when D=0: 0-1us
  • Load and Shift operations when D=1: 1-2us
  • Asynchronous Set/Reset: 2-3us

The image below shows the Load and Shift behavior when the D input is 0. During a Left shift operation, the D input is shifted into the LSB, and since D=0, the new Q output is twice the old Q. For a Right shift the D input is shifted into the MSB, and since D=0, the new Q output is half the old Q. The initial condition of the Shift Register is set to 15 decimal in the example.

Load and Shift with D=0

Time Event Q Output
100n Load 4
200n Retain state 4
300n Shift left 8
400n Shift right 4
500n Shift right 2
600n Shift left 4
700n Shift left 8
800n Shift left 0

Load and Shift operations when D=1: 1-2us

The image below shows the Load and Shift behavior when the D input is 1. During a Left shift operation, the D input is shifted into the LSB, effectively adding one to the result. For a Right shift the D input is shifted into the MSB, adding 2n-1 to the result. For this example, n=4, so the MSB is equal to 8.

Load and Shift with D=1

Time Event Q Output
1.1u Load 4
1.2u Retain state 4
1.3u Shift left 9
1.4u Shift right 12
1.5u Shift right 14
1.6u Shift left 13
1.7u Shift left 11
1.8u Shift left 7

Asynchronous Set/Reset: 2-3us

The image below shows the set/reset behavior of the register.

Asynchronous Set/Reset

Time Event Q Output
2.32u Asynchronous set 11
2.42u Asynchronous reset 1
2.5u Load 4
2.62u Illegal concurrent ASET and ARST 4

Subcircuit Parameters

Because the Shift Register model is generated by a template script when the simulation is executed, a hand-coded model cannot be inserted into a netlist. The template script for this device is simplis_make_register_model.sxscr, which licensed users can download as part of a zip archive of all built-in scripts.

To download the zip archive, follow these steps:

Important: You will be prompted to log in with the user name and password you received with your license file. If you don't have the user name and password, you can email support@simplistechnologies.com with your license information to receive the login credentials. Include a screenshot of the dialog which opens when you run the Help > License Diagnostics... menu.
  1. Click http://www.simetrix.co.uk/simetrix80/scripts.zip to download the script archive.
  2. Enter the user name and password you received with your license file.

The following parameter table defines the parameters used in this model.

Parameter Name Label Data Type Range Units Parameter Description
CLK_TO_OUT_DELAY Clock to Output Delay Number 1f to 1024 s Delay from the triggering clock event until the Register outputs change
GNDREF Ground Ref String
  • 'Y'
  • 'N'
 none Determines whether or not a device has a ground reference pin. Any digital component that has an input or output pin connected to an analog circuit node must have its Ground Ref pin connected to an analog node. This is usually the ground on the schematic.
HOLD_TIME Hold Time Number 1f to 1024 s Minimum time after the triggering clock event that the input signals must remain steady so that a valid change in each input state is recognized.
HYSTWD,
TH		 Hysteresis,
Threshold		 Number min: 1f V Hysteresis and Threshold of the inputs. The hysteretic-window width, HYSTWD is centered around Threshold (TH) voltage. To determine the actual threshold ( TL , THI ), substitute Threshold (TH) and Hysteresis (HYSTWD) in each of the following formulas:
Input Logic Level Actual Threshold
1 Threshold + 0.5 * Hysteresis
0 Threshold - 0.5 * Hysteresis
IC Initial Condition Number
  • 0
  • 1
 none Initial condition of the Register output at time=0
LEFT_LEVEL Left/Right Level Integer
none Determines the logic level of the shift register left/right ( L/R ) pin:
  • Left_0/Right_1 means shift left on low and shift right on high.
  • Left_1/Right_0 means shift left on high and shift right on low.
LOAD_LEVEL Load/Shift Level Integer
none Determines the logic level of the shift register load/shift ( LD/SH ) pin:
  • Load_0/Shift_1 means load on low and shift on high.
  • Load_1/Shift_0 means load on high and shift on low.
MIN_CLK Minimum Clk Width Number 1f to 1024 s Minimum valid clock width. Clock widths less than this parameter will not trigger the Register.
NUMBITS Number of Bits Integer   none Number of input bits to the Register
RESET_TO Reset To Number   none Determines the value of the counter output when the RST pin goes active. To reset to 0, assign a assign value of -1 or 0.
RIN Input Resistance Number min: 100 Ω Input resistance of each Register input pin
ROUT Output Resistance Number min: 1m Ω Output resistance of each Register output pin
SETUP_TIME Setup Time Number 1f to 1024 s Minimum time before the triggering clock event that the input signals must remain steady so that a valid change in each input state is recognized.
SET_RESET_DELAY Set/Reset Delay Number 1f to 1024 s Delay from when the SET or RST pin goes active until the Q output is actually set or reset.
SET_RESET_LEVEL Set/Reset Level Number
  • 0
  • 1
 none Determines the Set/Reset level of a device:
  • 1 means active high
  • 0 means active low
SET_RESET_TYPE Set/Reset Type String
  • 'SYNC'
  • 'ASYNC'
 none Determines whether or not output events are synchronized with a clock event:
Set/Reset Type Description
SYNC Set/reset events are synchronized to the clock edge defined by the Trigger Condition parameter.
ASYNC Set/reset events are asynchronous to the clock edge.
.
SET_TO Set To Number   none Determines the value of the counter output when the SET pin goes active. To set to the maximum count value, assign a value of -1.
TRIG_COND Trigger Condition String
  • '0_TO_1'
  • '1_TO_0'
 none Determines the triggering condition of the Register clock pin:
  • 0_TO_1 for rising edge triggered
  • 1_TO_0 for falling edge triggered
VOH Output High Voltage Number any V Output high voltage for each Register output pin
VOL Output Low Voltage Number any V Output low voltage for each Register output pin